FAVO反演技术及其在深水砂岩储层中的应用     

凌云  杜向东  曹思远 《物探与化探》2018,(1):161-165

在AVO理论的基础上,利用时频分析技术获得频率依赖的反射系数信息,通过FAVO(Frequency dependent AVO)反演可以获得速度频散程度属性。由于地震波速度频散主要由孔隙流体的相关性,该属性可以作为识别因子实现储层流体检测。笔者推导了FAVO技术的反演公式,并选择刚果地区深水砂岩储层作为目标,通过一维数值模型和二维实际剖面,进行了含气砂体刻画和含气性识别研究。反演结果与钻井吻合程度较好,证明了该技术在深水砂岩储层流体识别中的有效性。  相似文献   

地震叠前反演方法预测页岩脆性指数在南川地区的应用     

单中强 《江苏地质》2018,42(2):291-297

页岩气的有效开发依赖水平井的压裂效果,而页岩脆性是影响页岩压裂的关键因素。通过对比分析现有的3种脆性指数计算方法,即矿物脆性指数计算法、岩石力学脆性指数计算法、基于多元回归脆性指数计算法,优选基于多元回归的脆性指数计算法计算五峰—龙马溪组(简称龙马溪组)页岩储层脆性指数。以四川盆地东部南川地区龙马溪组海相页岩气为例,利用南川地区三维地震资料叠前反演方法,获取多元回归脆性指数计算方程所需的参数,预测页岩脆性指数。结果表明,在已有钻井矿物脆性指标约束下,叠前反演法计算的脆性指数平面预测效果较好,且与实际压裂数据具有较好的一致性,能够满足南川地区页岩气勘探开发的需要。  相似文献   

基于断层滑动数据古应力反演的影响因素及其误差分析          下载免费PDF全文

林逸  张长厚 《地质科学》2018,(4):1488-1498

古构造应力场是构造动力学研究中的一个重要内容,且断层滑动数据古应力反演已经成为古构造应力场恢复研究中比较常用的重要方法之一。近年来,断层滑动数据古应力反演方法研究和应用取得了一系列重要进展,但有关反演结果的解释仍存歧义,反演结果的影响因素及其误差范围等并未得到深入研究与定量分析。本文总结指出,影响断层滑动数据古应力反演结果的主要因素包括变形体制、剪切破裂面类型、断层面的形态以及地质体内薄弱面的存在等。在此基础上,分别对新生断层和先存薄弱面滑动数据的古应力反演综合误差进行了定量分析。研究指出,在可以大致厘定变形体制或误差在允许范围内的前提下,将断层滑动数据反演结果解释为应力状态是合理可行的。各种因素导致的反演误差定量分析表明,同一期构造应力场形成的破裂面滑动数据的古应力方位反演误差最大不超过35°。换言之,在没有证据表明存在不同期次的应力作用情况下,主应力方位变化小于35° 的应力状态,可以划归同一期应力场。  相似文献   

Early growth fault activity: new evidence for extension in the upper Cambrian Owen Group,Proprietary Peak,western Tasmania,Australia     

M. J. O'Mara  S. A. Mahmud  M. Hall 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2018,65(2):209-220

The coarse-grained, upper Cambrian Owen Group of western and northern Tasmania is a prominent feature of the Tasmanian landscape and regional map series. The group has previously been divided into four informal formations (Lower Owen Conglomerate, Middle Owen Sandstone, Middle Owen Conglomerate and Upper Owen Sandstone) that have been correlated across the state over tens to hundreds of kilometres. The deposition of these sediments is largely believed to have occurred during extensional tectonics, but some authors continue to argue a compressional tectonic regime. Detailed mapping and sedimentological work around Proprietary Peak on the Mount Jukes massif, 10 km south of Queenstown, Tasmania, has identified significant depositional variations controlled by early growth faulting and paleotopography. Discontinuity of stratigraphic units (L6–L13) across two growth faults on the north face of Proprietary Peak shows the strong effect on sediment deposition in the area. Paleotopography is also evident with most stratigraphic units (L8–L13 and U1) gradually onlapping basement during their deposition. Significant paleotopography has also been identified on East Jukes Peak, where lower Owen Group sedimentary units onlap basement volcanics, with no evidence for tectonically controlled deposition. Field evidence strongly supports the deposition of the Owen Group during extensional tectonics, after a period of prolonged erosion of the underlying Mount Read Volcanics. The distinct variation in vertical and lateral extent of stratigraphic units within the Owen Group in the Proprietary Peak area suggests that widespread lithostratigraphic correlation of older Owen Group sedimentary units across Tasmania may not be feasible.  相似文献   

基于高密度电阻率法对季节性冻土的监测研究     

贺文博  刘四新  鹿琪  王旭东  佘松盛 《世界地质》2018,37(3):905

通过建立正演冻土模型,验证了将高密度电阻率法应用于冻土监测的可行性。对高密度电阻率法装置进行特殊处理,将其应用于对季节性冻土的监测,并进行了七个月份的连续监测。结果表明:高密度电阻率法在季节性冻土监测中可行;通过对实测数据进行反演处理,得到电阻率反演剖面,可以看出表层土壤在季节变化中有明显的结冻、解冻行为;并可估算出冬季冻土深度范围。  相似文献   

基于GNSS-IR双系统组合的土壤湿度多星线性回归反演模型     

梁月吉  赖建民  任超  丁琴  施亚杰  胡欣淼  卢献健 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(5):477-482

提出一种GPS/BDS双系统组合的土壤湿度多星线性回归反演模型,并以GNSS接收机实测数据为例,对比分析不同GPS和BDS卫星组合反演土壤湿度的效果。实验表明：1)GPS和BDS双系统组合相对于单系统在短观测时间内可以提高有效卫星数,通过多元线性回归原理可实现双系统多卫星的有效融合,提高土壤湿度反演的精度;2)当GPS和BDS组合卫星数达到6颗以上时,反演效果趋于稳定,反演结果与土壤湿度的相关系数均优于0.90,RMSE相对于单星至少提高25.8%。  相似文献   

基于Sentinel-1A的2021年双湖M_W5.7地震同震破裂模型     

夏涛  刘小利  余鹏飞  邓德贝尔  乐子扬  高天琪 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(5):533-540

利用Sentinel-1A SAR数据提取2021年西藏双湖县M_W5.7地震同震形变场及2.5D形变场,反演断层滑动分布模型。计算不同节面解为接收断层产生的库仑应力变化差异确定发震构造,并结合余震分布信息评估未来地震风险性。结果表明,地震震中为34.37°N、87.71°E,震源深度6.51 km,发震断层倾向东、走向33°、倾角50°、平均滑动角-74°,以倾滑为主兼有少量左旋走滑分量,最大滑动量0.26 m。短时间内,震区南部地震风险较小,北部则需要结合更多资料进一步分析。本次地震是在羌塘块体持续向东扩张的背景下,受EW向拉伸作用使得黄水湖正断层发生的一次弥散型变形活动,SN向地堑得到进一步扩张。  相似文献   

基于PCA算法的星载GNSS-R海面目标反演     

胡媛  顾世森  刘卫  江志豪  袁鑫泰 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(10):991-994

提出使用主成分分析(principal components analysis,PCA)抑制时延多普勒图(delay Doppler map, DDM)中的海杂波,提高海面目标反演精度。以挪威Snøhvit采气平台作为海面目标,采用2016-11-13的DDM数据进行目标反演。结果显示,未使用PCA抑制海杂波前,反演位置平均误差为17.65 km;抑制海杂波后,反演位置平均误差为11.42 km,位置精度提升35.30%。  相似文献   

The First Global Carbon Dioxide Flux Map Derived from TanSat Measurements     

Dongxu YANG  Yi LIU  Liang FENG  Jing WANG  Lu YAO  Zhaonan CAI  Sihong ZHU  Naimeng LU  Daren LYU 《大气科学进展》2021,38(9):1433-1443

Space-borne measurements of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations provide global observation constraints for top-down estimates of surface carbon flux.Here,the first estimates of the global distribution of carbon surface fluxes inferred from dry-air CO_2 column (XCO_2) measurements by the Chinese Global Carbon Dioxide Monitoring Scientific Experimental Satellite (Tan Sat) are presented.An ensemble transform Kalman filter (ETKF) data assimilation system coupled with the GEOS-Chem global chemistry transport model is used to optimally fit model simulations with the Tan Sat XCO_2 observations,which were retrieved using the Institute of Atmospheric Physics Carbon dioxide retrieval Algorithm for Satellite remote sensing (IAPCAS).High posterior error reduction (30%–50%) compared with a priori fluxes indicates that assimilating satellite XCO_2 measurements provides highly effective constraints on global carbon flux estimation.Their impacts are also highlighted by significant spatiotemporal shifts in flux patterns over regions critical to the global carbon budget,such as tropical South America and China.An integrated global land carbon net flux of 6.71±0.76 Gt C yr~(-1) over12 months (May 2017–April 2018) is estimated from the Tan Sat XCO_2 data,which is generally consistent with other inversions based on satellite data,such as the JAXA GOSAT and NASA OCO-2 XCO_2 retrievals.However,discrepancies were found in some regional flux estimates,particularly over the Southern Hemisphere,where there may still be uncorrected bias between satellite measurements due to the lack of independent reference observations.The results of this study provide the groundwork for further studies using current or future Tan Sat XCO_2 data together with other surfacebased and space-borne measurements to quantify biosphere–atmosphere carbon exchange.  相似文献   

利用FY-4A卫星光学数据对中国近地面PM_2.5浓度的估算和检验分析     

江琪  迎春  王飞  张天航  何佳宝  桂海林  张碧辉  徐冉 《气象学报》2021,79(3):492-508

对FY-4A卫星的气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）产品进行检验,并根据卫星相关观测资料,通过改进后的PMRS方法,反演得到中国近地面PM_2.5质量浓度网格化分布。结果表明,FY-4A卫星反演不同站点AOD与地基观测网（AERONET）观测结果吻合较好,但存在一定的低估或高估现象,相关系数区间为0.54—0.87。将细粒子比（FMF）以0.4为界进行划分,FMF＞0.4时,拟合结果较FMF≤0.4时更接近于AERONET观测结果;但FMF≤0.4时,卫星反演的AOD稳定性优于FMF＞0.4时。通过引入AOD的大小,改进FMF＞0.4时对细粒子柱状体积消光比（VE_f）的估算算法,并通过改进后的PMRS方法对中国近地面PM_2.5浓度进行逐时反演,其反演结果和地面观测结果相关较好,其中,乌鲁木齐、石家庄和徐州观测点的相关系数均高于0.7,但数值上仍存在高估或低估,误差结果由多种因素决定。空间分布中,卫星反演的中国2019年近地面PM_2.5浓度月均值与近地面观测的结果有较好的对应关系,二者逐月演变趋势基本一致,基本可以反映出中国近地面大气细粒子的空间分布,特别是秋、冬季京津冀周边区域、汾渭平原等污染高值区均与地面观测对应较好。   相似文献